What is intrauterine insemination (IUI)?
Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) is a fertility procedure where specially prepared sperm are directly inserted into the uterus around the time of ovulation. This method increases the number of sperm reaching the fallopian tubes, thereby enhancing the chances of fertilisation. IUI is often one of the first treatments recommended for infertility due to its simplicity and cost-effectiveness.
Who can benefit from IUI?
IUI is suitable for various individuals and couples, including:
- Those with unexplained infertility.
- Individuals with mild male factor infertility, such as low sperm count or motility.
- Women with cervical mucus problems or endometriosis.
- Couples experiencing ejaculation or erection difficulties.
- Single women or same-sex female couples using donor sperm.
It’s essential to consult with a healthcare provider to determine if IUI is the appropriate treatment based on individual circumstances.
The IUI procedure: What to expect
The IUI process involves several steps:
- Ovulation monitoring: The timing of IUI is crucial. Ovulation is tracked using ovulation predictor kits, blood tests, or ultrasound. Sometimes, medications are prescribed to stimulate ovulation.
- Sperm preparation: A semen sample is collected and “washed” to concentrate the sperm and remove seminal fluid, enhancing the chances of fertilisation.
- Insemination: Using a thin catheter, the prepared sperm are inserted directly into the uterus. This procedure is quick and typically painless, though some may experience mild discomfort.
- Post-procedure: Patients may rest briefly after insemination before resuming normal activities. A pregnancy test is usually scheduled about two weeks later.
Success rates and considerations
Success rates for IUI vary based on factors like age, underlying fertility issues, and whether fertility medications are used. On average, the success rate per cycle ranges from 10% to 20%. Multiple cycles may be necessary, and if IUI is unsuccessful after several attempts, other treatments like In Vitro Fertilisation (IVF) may be considered.
Risks and side effects
IUI is generally safe, but potential risks include:
- Mild cramping or spotting.
- Infection (rare).
- Multiple pregnancies, primarily if ovulation-stimulating drugs are used.
Discussing these risks with a healthcare provider can help make an informed decision.
Taking the next step
Embarking on fertility treatments can be an emotional and physical journey. If you’re considering IUI or seeking guidance on fertility options, find a healthcare provider and book a consultation online. Our team is here to support you every step of the way.
Internal Links to Health Hub Articles
Visit our Health Hub to read articles on related topics of interest.
