From playful tumbles to serious accidents, head injuries are common and sometimes underestimated. While many bumps to the head are harmless, others can lead to serious complications such as concussion, skull fractures, or brain bleeds. It’s crucial to understand how to respond when head trauma occurs, especially since some symptoms may not be immediately obvious.
Types of head trauma
Head trauma refers to any injury to the scalp, skull, or brain. It may be classified as:
- Closed head injury: The skull remains intact, but the brain is shaken or damaged internally.
- Open or penetrating injury: The skull is broken, and the brain is exposed to potential infection or direct damage.
- Concussion: A common and mild form of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that temporarily affects brain function.
- Contusion: A bruise on the brain tissue.
- Diffuse axonal injury: Severe brain injury caused by shaking or strong rotational forces.
Common causes of head injuries
- Falls (particularly in children and older adults).
- Motor vehicle accidents.
- Sports-related collisions.
- Physical assault.
- Work-related accidents.
Who’s most at risk?
- Children under 5 and adults over 65.
- People participating in contact sports.
- Individuals with balance issues or neurological conditions.
- Workers in construction, transport, or mining industries.
Signs and symptoms to watch for
Mild symptoms:
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Nausea
- Confusion
- Temporary memory loss
Serious symptoms:
- Unconsciousness
- Seizures
- Clear fluid leaking from the ears or nose
- Slurred speech
- Unequal pupil size
- Vomiting (especially repeated)
- Persistent or worsening headache
If any of these symptoms occur, seek emergency care immediately.
Fostering recovery and restoring health
The four sub-acute rehabilitation hospitals feature 36 to 52 beds, ensuring personalised attention and an intimate healing environment. Here, patients work towards regaining their strength, mobility, and independence under our multidisciplinary team of experienced professionals, including general medical practitioners, case managers, physiatrists, nurses, physiotherapists, occupational therapists, speech therapists, psychologists, dieticians and social workers. They all work together to create comprehensive, customised treatment plans.
Recover in an environment that offers best-practice care, facilities and comfort.
Diagnosis and treatment
Medical professionals may use:
- Physical and neurological exams.
- CT scans or MRIs to assess brain damage.
- Observation over 24 hours for worsening signs.
Treatment options
- Mild injuries may require only rest and over-the-counter pain relief.
- Moderate to severe injuries could involve hospitalisation, medications to reduce swelling, surgery, and rehabilitation therapy.
Healing after head trauma
Recovery times vary. Mild concussions may resolve in days, while severe TBIs can take months or longer. Cognitive rest, gradual return to activities, and medical follow-up are critical.
How to prevent head injuries
- Always wear seatbelts and helmets.
- Use handrails and remove home tripping hazards.
- Ensure safe sports practices with protective gear.
- Supervise children in high-risk areas like stairs and playgrounds.
Final thoughts – Take every knock seriously
Head trauma should never be brushed off. Even seemingly minor injuries can have lasting effects. Prompt attention and proper care can make a world of difference.
If you are concerned about your health, find a healthcare provider at Intercare and book a consultation online.
