Bronchitis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment | 3 min read

When you wake up with a persistent cough, a tightness in your chest, and difficulty breathing, it’s easy to conclude that you might have bronchitis. This common respiratory condition can leave you exhausted and uncomfortable, but understanding its nuances can help you manage its symptoms effectively.

Learn about bronchitis, its symptoms, causes, treatment options, and when to seek medical attention. 

Understanding Bronchitis

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchial tubes, the air passages that carry air to your lungs. This inflammation can lead to a persistent cough, often with mucus and other respiratory symptoms. 

There are two main types of bronchitis: acute and chronic.

Acute Bronchitis:

Acute bronchitis is usually caused by a viral infection, such as the common cold or flu. It typically lasts for a few weeks and resolves on its own with rest and home care.

Chronic Bronchitis:

Chronic bronchitis is a more serious condition characterised by a persistent cough lasting at least three months, with recurring bouts occurring for at least two consecutive years. Chronic bronchitis is often a result of long-term exposure to irritants such as cigarette smoke or air pollution.

Symptoms of Bronchitis:

Bronchitis symptoms can vary depending on whether they are acute or chronic. Common symptoms include:

• Persistent cough
• Production of mucus (sputum)
• Shortness of breath
• Chest discomfort or tightness
• Fatigue
• Sore throat
• Mild fever and chills (sometimes)

Causes of Bronchitis:

The most common cause of bronchitis is a viral infection, such as the flu or common cold. 

However, other factors can increase your risk of developing bronchitis, including:

• Exposure to tobacco smoke
• Exposure to air pollution
• Respiratory infections
• Weakened immune system.
• Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
• Asthma

Read next: Smart ways to boost your immunity

Treatment Options:

Treatment for bronchitis depends on whether it is acute or chronic and its underlying cause. In most cases, acute bronchitis can be managed with rest, hydration, and over-the-counter medications to relieve symptoms such as cough and fever.

If a bacterial infection is suspected, your doctor may prescribe antibiotics. However, antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections, so they are only routinely prescribed for acute bronchitis if there are complicating factors.

For chronic bronchitis, treatment focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications. 

This may include:

• Bronchodilators to help open the airways.
• Inhaled corticosteroids to reduce inflammation.
• Pulmonary rehabilitation to improve lung function.
• Oxygen therapy in severe cases.
• Lifestyle changes, such as quitting smoking and avoiding respiratory irritants.

When to See a Doctor:

While acute bronchitis often resolves on its own, you should see a doctor if you experience any of the following:

• Symptoms that last longer than three weeks.
• Severe coughing fits that disrupt sleep or daily activities.
• Chest pain or difficulty breathing.
• Persistent fever or high fever.
• Coughing up blood.

For those with chronic bronchitis, seeing a doctor regularly to monitor your condition and adjust treatment as needed is essential.

In conclusion, bronchitis can be a bothersome respiratory condition, but with proper understanding and management, you can alleviate its symptoms and prevent complications. If you suspect you have bronchitis or are experiencing persistent respiratory symptoms, don’t hesitate to seek medical advice. Your health is worth it.

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